Any other choice is a choice of dependence on a single vendor
Digital sovereignty begins with the document format. Everything else – server location, hosting jurisdiction, procurement clauses – is downstream of this single decision. If the format is standard and open, the user controls the document. If the format is proprietary the vendor controls it, even when the file sits on the user’s own hard drive.
This is why LibreOffice, and its derivatives such as Collabora Office and Online, are today the only legitimate choice for governments, supranational bodies, businesses and organisations that want to protect the digital freedom of their users. Only software based on the LibreOffice source code – the LibreOffice Technology – uses ODF as its native document format. Every document saved, stored, retained and exchanged in ODF remains the exclusive property of its author, and remains so over the years.
ODF – Open Document Format, as the name says – was designed and developed in accordance with the characteristics of a true open standard: clearly documented, transparently developed by an independent body, properly versioned, built on existing standards, and stored in XML files that any user can read.
None of this applies to OOXML. The name is itself an oxymoron: XML stands for eXtended Markup Language, which is open by definition, but OOXML’s syntax is so complex that it is unreadable even to advanced users. The format was deliberately designed to become a sophisticated lock-in tool at a moment when Microsoft’s other strategies had already been uncovered and analysed.
The Transitional/Strict bait-and-switch
OOXML was approved as an ISO standard through a process that was an affront to transparency, ethics, common sense and respect for users. The format is documented in a way that discourages consultation – over 7,500 pages – and is developed by Microsoft behind closed doors in Redmond.
It is not versioned. It uses no independent standards. On the contrary, it relies on proprietary Microsoft formats wherever possible, in some cases formats that Microsoft itself had deprecated because the market rejected them. It is not even compatible with the Gregorian calendar. The XML schemas are nearly absurd in their complexity.
The bait-and-switch worked like this: “I swear it will be Transitional until 2010, very proprietary and very little of a standard, and after that only Strict, not very proprietary and very much a standard.”
The catch: Strict never materialised in practice. For years it lingered as a last-resort option that no one was meant to use, and it has now disappeared from the Save As options altogether. The standardised version of OOXML – the one ISO was told would become the real format – no longer exists as a user choice. Only Transitional remains.
A pity, because we would have had a laugh with Strict’s bugs. Excel has a thing for getting dates wrong (the (in)famous 1900 leap-year bug, inherited from Lotus 1-2-3 and never fixed), and when Excel gets dates wrong, no other software does it worse.
The political consequences
All of this is hard …